Since the first demonstration of the generation of attosecond pulses (1 as= 10− 18 s) in the
extreme-ultraviolet spectral region, several measurement techniques have been introduced …

The accurate measurement of time lies at the heart of experimental science, and is relevant
to everyday life. Extending chronoscopy to ever shorter timescales has been the key to …

Intense ultrashort light pulses comprising merely a few wave cycles became routinely
available by the turn of the millennium. The technologies underlying their production and …

The motion of electrons on the atomic scale has been hidden from direct experimental
access until recently. We review the revolution in technology that opened the door to real …

High harmonic emission occurs when an electron, liberated from a molecule by an incident
intense laser field, gains energy from the field and recombines with the parent molecular ion …

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) high-harmonic radiation, emerging from laser-driven atoms,
molecules or plasmas underlies powerful attosecond spectroscopy techniques,, and …

For the past several decades, we have been able to directly probe the motion of atoms that
is associated with chemical transformations and which occurs on the femtosecond (10− 15 …

Attosecond science has paved the way for direct probing of electron dynamics in gases and
solids. This review provides an overview of recent attosecond measurements, focusing on …

Electrons emit light, carry electric current, and bind atoms together to form molecules. Insight
into and control of their atomic-scale motion are the key to understanding the functioning of …

The applications of isolated attosecond pulses reported to date, which have demonstrated
the great potential of attosecond technology in the investigation of ultrafast electronic …