Natural killer cells (NK cells) are the first line of the innate immune defense system, primarily
located in peripheral circulation and lymphoid tissues. They kill virally infected and …

Since the advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology a decade ago,
enormous progress has been made in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine. Human …

Research on human brain development and neurological diseases is limited by the lack of
advanced experimental in vitro models that truly recapitulate the complexity of the human …

In Parkinson's disease (PD), neurotoxic microglia, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells are
overactivated. Overactivation of these immune cells exacerbates the disease process and …

Heterozygous mutations in the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) represent the strongest
common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common …

An expanded hexanucleotide repeat in a noncoding region of the C9orf72 gene is a major
cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), accounting for up to 40% of familial cases and …

Among the known genetic risk factors for Parkinson disease, mutations in GBA1, the gene
responsible for the lysosomal disorder Gaucher disease, are the most common. This genetic …

Histone lysine methylation, mediated by mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) proteins, is now
known to be critical in the regulation of gene expression, genomic stability, cell cycle and …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder and a
central role for α-synuclein (αSyn; SNCA) in disease aetiology has been proposed based on …

Mutations in the SNCA gene cause autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD), with loss
of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and aggregation of α-synuclein. The …