[HTML][HTML] Low-temperature operation of heating systems to enable 4th generation district heating: A review

DS Østergaard, KM Smith, M Tunzi, S Svendsen - Energy, 2022 - Elsevier
District heating networks increasingly rely on heat pumps, condensing biomass boilers, and
excess heat in the transition to sustainable energy systems. Accordingly, district heating …

[HTML][HTML] Reduction of supply temperature in existing district heating: A review of strategies and implementations

E Guelpa, M Capone, A Sciacovelli, N Vasset… - Energy, 2023 - Elsevier
Most of the existing district heating systems are second and third generation and operate
with supply temperature above 80–100° C. To meet long-term decarbonization targets …

Advanced control and fault detection strategies for district heating and cooling systems—A review

S Buffa, MH Fouladfar, G Franchini, I Lozano Gabarre… - Applied Sciences, 2021 - mdpi.com
Peak shaving, demand response, fast fault detection, emissions and costs reduction are
some of the main objectives to meet in advanced district heating and cooling (DHC) …

A review of crystallization fouling in heat exchangers

J Berce, M Zupančič, M Može, I Golobič - Processes, 2021 - mdpi.com
A vast majority of heat exchangers suffer from unwanted deposition of material on the
surface, which severely inhibits their performance and thus marks one of the biggest …

[HTML][HTML] Fouling fault detection and diagnosis in district heating substations: Validation of a hybrid CNN-based PCA model with uncertainty quantification on virtual …

MA Jallal, M Vallée, N Lamaison - Energy, 2024 - Elsevier
This research presents an advanced fouling fault detection (FFD) model tailored to district
heating substations, integrating convolutional neural networks, principal component …

[HTML][HTML] Fault and anomaly detection in district heating substations: A survey on methodology and data sets

M Neumayer, D Stecher, S Grimm, A Maier, D Bücker… - Energy, 2023 - Elsevier
District heating systems are essential building blocks for affordable, low-carbon heat supply.
Early detection and elimination of faults is crucial for the efficiency of these systems and …

[HTML][HTML] Potential for supply temperature reduction of existing district heating substations

M Capone, E Guelpa, V Verda - Energy, 2023 - Elsevier
Reducing operating temperatures is a crucial goal for transforming district heating networks
into sustainable systems as it allows the integration of low exergy heat (eg renewable, waste …

System-level fouling detection of district heating substations using virtual-sensor-assisted building automation system

R Kim, Y Hong, Y Choi, S Yoon - Energy, 2021 - Elsevier
The operational fouling of heat exchangers in a district heating substation (DHS) has a
negative effect on the heating efficiency in the primary district heating side and on the …

[HTML][HTML] Infrared thermography observations of crystallization fouling in a plate heat exchanger

J Berce, M Zupančič, M Može, I Golobič - Applied Thermal Engineering, 2023 - Elsevier
Heat exchanger performance is significantly reduced in the presence of impurities in one or
both fluid streams, frequently by deposits of inversely soluble salts. Accordingly, immense …

Detection and identification of faults in a District Heating Network

H Bahlawan, N Ferraro, A Gambarotta, E Losi… - Energy Conversion and …, 2022 - Elsevier
Abstract District Heating Networks (DHNs) are composed of numerous pipes that can be
threatened by faults that affect DHN operation and management. Thus, reliable diagnostic …