This paper aims to assess the potential and requirements of photovoltaic arrays to provide
energy for more than 30 mission types to explore 14 celestial bodies in our solar system …

Jupiter's icy moon, Europa, harbors a subsurface liquid water ocean; the prospect of this
ocean being habitable motivates further exploration of the moon with the upcoming NASA …

Imaging underwater environments is of great importance to marine sciences, sustainability,
climatology, defense, robotics, geology, space exploration, and food security. Despite …

Predicting the formation of ice in the atmosphere presents one of the great challenges in
physical sciences with important implications for the chemistry and composition of the …

The icy surface of Jupiter's moon, Europa, is thought to lie on top of a global ocean,,–.
Signatures in some Hubble Space Telescope images have been associated with putative …

In November and December 2012, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaged Europa's
ultraviolet emissions in the search for vapor plume activity. We report statistically significant …

The Galileo spacecraft has been orbiting Jupiter since 7 December 1995, and encounters
one of the four galilean satellites—Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto—on each orbit. Initial …

Europa, the innermost icy satellite of Jupiter, has a tortured young surface,,, and sustains a
liquid water ocean,,,,, below an ice shell of highly debated thickness,,,,,,,,. Quasi-circular …

Evidence for plumes of water on Europa has previously been found using the Hubble Space
Telescope using two different observing techniques. Roth et al. found line emission from the …

It has been proposed that Jupiter's satellite Europa currently possesses a global subsurface
ocean of liquid water. Galileo gravity data verify that the satellite is differentiated into an …