Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by
chronic hyperglycemia and an inadequate response to circulatory insulin by peripheral …

Most human cells utilize glucose as the primary substrate, cellular uptake requiring insulin.
Insulin signaling is therefore critical for these tissues. However, decrease in insulin …

Catechins are key functional components in tea and have many health benefits, including
relieving diabetes. Glucose is necessary for maintaining life. However, when the glucose in …

The signalling pathways utilised by insulin receptor (IR) and IGF receptor to transduce their
diverse effects on cellular metabolism, growth and survival are well established in broad …

Insulin is an anabolic peptide hormone secreted by the b cells of the pancreas acting
through a receptor located in the membrane of target cells-major ones being liver (where it …

Insulin receptor signalling has a central role in mammalian biology, regulating cellular
metabolism, growth, division, differentiation and survival,. Insulin resistance contributes to …

Background The discovery of insulin 100 years ago and its ongoing use since that time in
the treatment of diabetes belies the molecular complexity of its structure and that of its …

Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates
cell growth and proliferation, and can be activated by IGF1, IGF2, and insulin. Here, we …

Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the most common life-threatening illnesses worldwide, is a
group of metabolic diseases, characterized by sustained hyperglycemia. The global …

Statins are the gold-standard treatment for the prevention of primary and secondary
cardiovascular disease, which is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite the safety …