The clinical success of cancer immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has refocused attention
on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) across cancer types. The outcome of immune …

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment and rejuvenated the field of tumor
immunology. Several types of immunotherapy, including adoptive cell transfer (ACT) and …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a heterogeneous, complex organization composed of
tumor, stroma, and endothelial cells that is characterized by cross talk between tumor and …

Background and Objectives: The tumor microenvironment has been widely implicated in
tumorigenesis because it harbors tumor cells that interact with surrounding cells through the …

Tumor vascularization occurs through several distinct biological processes, which not only
vary between tumor type and anatomic location, but also occur simultaneously within the …

Inflammation predisposes to the development of cancer and promotes all stages of
tumorigenesis. Cancer cells, as well as surrounding stromal and inflammatory cells, engage …

Recent data show that B cells and plasma cells located in tumours or in tumour-draining
lymph nodes can have important roles in sha** antitumour immune responses. In tumour …

Macrophages are critical mediators of tissue homeostasis, with tumours distorting this
proclivity to stimulate proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. This had led to an interest …

Metastatic disease is responsible for approximately 90% of cancer deaths. For successful
dissemination and metastasis, cancer cells must evade detection and destruction by the …

The tumour microenvironment is the primary location in which tumour cells and the host
immune system interact. Different immune cell subsets are recruited into the tumour …