Bone remodeling is essential for adult bone homeostasis. It comprises two phases: bone
formation and resorption. The balance between the two phases is crucial for sustaining bone …

Abstract GH and IGF-I are important regulators of bone homeostasis and are central to the
achievement of normal longitudinal bone growth and bone mass. Although GH may act …

Loss of estrogens or androgens increases the rate of bone remodeling by removing
restraining effects on osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, and also causes a focal …

Growth hormone (GH) and its mediator, the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) regulate
somatic growth, metabolism and many aspects of aging. As such, actions of GH/IGF have …

The discovery of the growth hormone (GH)-mediated somatic factors (somatomedins),
insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and-II, has elicited an enormous interest primarily among …

IGF-I is expressed in virtually every tissue of the body, but with much higher expression in
the liver than in any other tissue. Studies using mice with liver-specific IGF-I knockout have …

Hypertrophic chondrocytes are the master regulators of endochondral ossification; however,
their ultimate cell fates cells remain largely elusive due to their transient nature. Historically …

Skeletal muscle and bone rely on a number of growth factors to undergo development,
modulate growth, and maintain physiological strength. A major player in these actions is …

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 is a polypeptide hormone with vital biological functions in
bone cells. The abnormal expression of IGF-1 has a serious effect on bone growth …

Aim In this article, the interplay between bone resorbing and bone forming cells is reviewed.
Method This review examines the comprehensive literature on the interaction between bone …