Abstract Objectives of Review: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is a state of disordered
catabolism resulting from metabolic and nutritional derangements in chronic disease states …

Objective Frailty is associated with increased vulnerability to poor health. There is growing
interest in understanding the association between frailty and chronic kidney disease (CKD) …

Abstract Information on common causes of death in people with CKD is limited. We
hypothesized that, as eGFR declines, cardiovascular mortality and mortality from infection …

Hemodialysis is the most common type of treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
Frailty is associated with poor outcomes such as higher mortality. ESRD patients have a …

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Frailty, the state of increased vulnerability to physical stressors as a result of progressive and
sustained degeneration in multiple physiological systems, is common in those with chronic …

Background Multimorbidity is a growing concern for healthcare systems, with many countries
experiencing demographic transition to older population profiles. Chronic kidney disease …

Objectives Oral frailty (OF) has been shown to be a predictor of disability. Therefore, it is
important to be able to identify factors associated with OF in order to prevent long-term …

The population is aging. Although older adults have higher rates of comorbidities and
adverse health events, they represent a heterogeneous group with different health …