Lanthanides refer to the 15 elements located at the sixth period and IIIB group in the periodic
table, ranging from lanthanum to lutetium, with the electronic configuration of [Xe] 4f n–1 5d …

As one of the most common chemical materials, titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been prepared
and widely used for many years. Among all the applications, the biomedical applications of …

Over time, nature has developed elegant molecular structures and complex machinery at the
nanoscale to regulate sophisticated and synchronized cell functioning. Control and …

In biomedical engineering, researchers have begun to focus on improving the
physiochemical properties of TiO 2 (titania) through modification. The purpose of this paper …

Oral cancer is a common and aggressive cancer with high morbidity, mortality, and
recurrence rate globally. Early detection is of utmost importance for cancer prevention and …

Today, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most widely applied noninvasive
clinical imaging modalities with excellent applicability in bio-and nanomedicine, particularly …

Oral disease, as a class of diseases with very high morbidity, brings great physical and
mental damage to people worldwide. The increasing burden and strain on individuals and …

Conventional organic dyes and inorganic fluorescent contrast agents have been obstructed
in bioimaging and biomedical applications, because of their intrinsic drawbacks including …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease that remains the leading cause of death in
the United States. Numerous risk factors for endothelial cell inflammation and the …

Oral cancer is a common malignant life-threatening tumor. Despite some advances in
traditional therapy, mortality and mobidity rates are high due to delayed diagnosis and …