The design experience and the shallow tunnel theory, which emphasize the plane strain
assumption, two-dimensional (2D) strength theory, and indoor or back analysis-based …

The stability of rock slopes is an important issue in both civil and mining engineering. On
civil projects, rock cuts must be safe from rock falls and large-scale slope instability during …

Guidelines for Open Pit Slope Design is a comprehensive account of the open pit slope
design process. Created as an outcome of the Large Open Pit (LOP) project, an international …

Spalling and strain bursting has long been recognized as a mechanism of failure in deep
underground mines in hard rock and in deep infrastructure tunnels. The latter is a significant …

The geological strength index (GSI) is a system of rock-mass characterization that has been
developed in engineering rock mechanics to meet the need for reliable input data …

The dilation angle is the most commonly used parameter to study nonlinear post-peak
dilatancy (PPD) behavior and simulate surrounding rock deformation; however, simplified or …

Failure of rock mass in deep underground excavations could be attributed to a broad range
of performance malfunction, from plastic yielding of rock, generation of macro cracks on the …

Tectonically undisturbed sedimentary rocks deposited in a quiescent shallow marine
environment often include a sequence of strata that may present significant lithological …

It is proposed a new numerical model based on the generalized nonlinear unified strength
theory (GNUST). Based on the modified continuous multi-segment plastic flow rule, the …

Pillar recovery requires stable backfill upon side exposure in open sto** mining methods.
Until now, the solutions used to estimate the required strength of side-exposed backfill are …