Objective: The fear-avoidance (FA) model of chronic pain describes how individuals
experiencing acute pain may become trapped into a vicious circle of chronic disability and …

Research studies focusing on the fear-avoidance model have expanded considerably since
the review by Vlaeyen and Linton (Vlaeyen JWS & Linton, SJ (2000). Fear-avoidance and its …

Objective To estimate the global burden of low back pain (LBP). Methods LBP was defined
as pain in the area on the posterior aspect of the body from the lower margin of the twelfth …

Abstract The latest Global Burden of Disease Study, published at the end of 2012, has
highlighted the enormous global burden of low back pain. In contrast to the previous study …

Low back and neck pain is a common problem and one of enormous social, psychologic,
and economic burden. It is estimated that 15% to 20% of adults have back pain during a …

Musculoskeletal conditions are common in men and women of all ages across all socio-
demographic strata of society. They are the most common cause of severe long-term pain …

Pain is considered a hardwired signal of bodily disturbance belonging to a basic
motivational system that urges the individual to act and to restore the body's integrity, rather …

Low back pain is a major cause of morbidity in high-, middle-and low-income countries, yet
to date it has been relatively under-prioritised and under-funded. One important reason may …

Low back pain (LBP) is defined as pain and discomfort, localised below the costal margin
and above the inferior gluteal folds, with or without leg pain. nonspecific (common) low back …

Background: it is believed that the prevalence of back pain decreases around the middle of
the sixth decade. However, back pain is still among the most commonly reported symptoms …