Neuroimmunology is one of the fastest-growing fields in the life sciences, and for good
reason; it fills the gap between two principal systems of the organism, the nervous system …

The global impact of childhood malnutrition is staggering. The synergism between
malnutrition and infection contributes substantially to childhood morbidity and mortality …

Purpose: There has been a marked increase in testosterone prescriptions in the past
decade resulting in a growing need to give practicing clinicians proper guidance on the …

Background SARS-CoV-2 which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) binds to
angiotensin-converting enyzme 2 (ACE2) and enters the host cell. ACE2 protein is …

Over the past 10 years, the field of immunometabolism made great strides to unveil the
crucial role of intracellular metabolism in regulating immune cell function. Emerging insights …

This chapter focuses on (1) outlining an adaptationist perspective on physical
attractiveness,(2) presenting the basic questions that this perspective leads us to ask,(3) …

Survival is a fundamental physiological drive, and neural circuits have evolved to prioritize
actions that meet the energy demands of the body. This fine-tuning of goal-directed actions …

Aging involves seemingly paradoxical changes in energy metabolism. Molecular damage
accumulation increases cellular energy expenditure, yet whole-body energy expenditure …

Immune function is an energetically costly physiological activity that potentially diverts
calories away from less immediately essential life tasks. Among develo** organisms, the …

Immune defenses provide resistance against infectious disease that is critical to survival. But
immune defenses are costly, and limited resources allocated to immunity are not available …