The existence of a prolonged, subclinical phase of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV)
infection in cattle was first recognized in the 1950s. Since then, the FMDV carrier state has …

Simple Summary Buffaloes are typically raised in tropical, flood-prone zones, thus exposed
to conditions conducive to the growth of disease-causing pathogens and their vectors. They …

Foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) in cloven‐hoofed animals is considered an economically
devastating disease in endemic countries like Bangladesh, where the livestock sector …

Failure of cross-protection among interserotypes and intratypes of foot-and-mouth disease
virus (FMDV) is a big threat to endemic countries and their prevention and control strategies …

The genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 is the result of a relatively low level of spontaneous
mutations introduced during viral replication. With millions of SARS-CoV-2 genome …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a severe contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed
animals. In India, a vaccination-based official FMD control programme was started, which …

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most economically important livestock diseases
worldwide. Following the clinical phase of FMD, a large proportion of ruminants remain …

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) virus was reported as an outbreak in Indonesia in April 2022
and belonged to serotype O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e is spread in the country. This study aimed to …

Foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in India, where circulation of serotypes O, A and
Asia1 is frequent. Here, we provide an epidemiological assessment of the ongoing mass …

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is widespread throughout much of the world,
including parts of South East Asia. Surveillance is often limited in endemic areas, relying …