An oxygen-rich atmosphere is essential for complex animals. The early Earth had an anoxic
atmosphere, and understanding the rise and maintenance of high O2 levels is critical for …

The sedimentological and geochemical expression of Mesozoic ocean anoxic events
(OAEs) in the geologic record is reasonably well-characterized and the causal mechanisms …

Map** the history of atmospheric O2 during the late Precambrian is vital for evaluating
potential links to animal evolution. Ancient O2 levels are often inferred from geochemical …

The extent to which Paleozoic oceans differed from Neoproterozoic oceans and the causal
relationship between biological evolution and changing environmental conditions are …

The evolution of Earth's atmosphere is of extreme importance to the lithosphere,
hydrosphere and biosphere. This is particularly true for the role the biosphere played in the …

Iron formations (IFs) are iron-rich chemical sediments that were widespread throughout the
Precambrian. The deposition of IFs has provided key evidence about the prevalence of …

Abstract The Early Paleozoic (Cambrian-Devonian) witnessed a series of significant
environmental changes including ocean-atmosphere oxygenation and progressive cooling …

A stepwise change in atmospheric oxygen (O 2) levels during the Ordovician has been
attributed to the emergence of land plants. This phenomenon is tied to a major baseline shift …

The Neoproterozoic carbonate record contains multiple carbon isotope anomalies, which
are the subject of intense debate. The largest of these anomalies, the Shuram excursion …

Adult Odonatoptera are among the most efficient flying predators. They have retained many
physical characteristics over an immense period stretching from the Carboniferous to the …