Multiple mating or group spawning leads to post‐copulatory sexual selection, which
generally favours ejaculates that are more competitive under sperm competition. In four …

Hermaphrodites combine the male and female sex functions into a single individual, either
sequentially or simultaneously. This simple fact means that they exhibit both similarities and …

Molluscs comprise the second largest phylum of animals (after arthropods), occurring in
virtually all habitats. Some are commercially important, a few are pests and some carry …

Sex allocation is a crucial life-history parameter in all sexual organisms. Over the last
decades a body of evolutionary theory, sex allocation theory, was developed, which has …

Sex allocation theory predicts the optimal allocation to male and female reproduction in
sexual organisms. In animals, most work on sex allocation has focused on species with …

Adamo SA, and Chase R. 1996. Dart shooting in helicid snails: An “honest” signal or an
instrument of manipulation? J. Theoret. Biol. 180: 77–80. Aide TM. 1986. The influence of …

An individual optimizes its reproductive success by adopting a particular reproductive
strategy. Studying the details of a reproductive strategy leads to an understanding of how …

This is the final report describing the heterobranch molluscs collected by the Rumphius Bio
historical Expedition to Ambon during November and December 1990. This part deals with …

The number of mating partners an individual has within a population is a crucial parameter
in sex allocation theory for simultaneous hermaphrodites because it is predicted to be one of …

Contrasting with separate-sexed animals, simultaneous hermaphrodites display unique
reproductive strategies as they are male and female at the same time. Simultaneous …