Mutations in the human dystrophin gene cause 2 clinical phenotypes, Duchenne muscular
dystrophy (DMD) and Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), distinguished principally based on …

Large-bodied mammalian herbivores dominated Earth's terrestrial ecosystems for several
million years before undergoing substantial extinctions and declines during the Late …

We suggest that variation in mammalian behavioural flexibility not accounted for by current
socioecological models may be explained in part by developmental constraints. From our …

The large spectrum of limb morphologies reflects the wide evolutionary diversification of the
basic pentadactyl pattern in tetrapods. In even-toed ungulates (artiodactyls, including cattle) …

Ecology and biomechanics play central roles in the generation of phenotypic diversity. When
unrelated taxa invade a similar ecological niche, biomechanical demands can drive …

Ecomorphological diversity of Mesozoic mammals was presumably constrained by selective
pressures imposed by contemporary vertebrates. In accordance, Mesozoic mammals for a …

The sprawling–parasagittal postural shift was a major transition during synapsid evolution,
underpinned by reorganization of the forelimb, and considered key to mammalian ecological …

The humerus is central for locomotion in turtles as quadrupedal animals. Osteological
variation across testudine clades remains poorly documented. Here, we systematically …

Vertebrate limb morphology often reflects the environment due to variation in locomotor
requirements. However, proximal and distal limb segments may evolve differently from one …

This paper is the first in a two‐part series that charts the evolution of appendicular
musculature along the mammalian stem lineage, drawing upon the exceptional fossil record …