Abstract Purpose of Review The changes or updates in ocean biogeochemistry component
have been mapped between CMIP5 and CMIP6 model versions, and an assessment made …

Nitrogen (N) is used in many of life's fundamental biomolecules, and it is also a participant in
environmental redox chemistry. Biogeochemical processes control the amount and form of N …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

Abstract Nitrous oxide (N 2 O), like carbon dioxide, is a long-lived greenhouse gas that
accumulates in the atmosphere. Over the past 150 years, increasing atmospheric N 2 O …

The ocean's biological carbon pump transfers carbon from the surface ocean to the deep
ocean by several distinct pathways, including gravitational settling of organic particles …

This article describes the new Earth system model (ESM), the Model for Interdisciplinary
Research on Climate, Earth System version 2 for Long-term simulations (MIROC-ES2L) …

This study introduces CNRM‐ESM2‐1, the Earth system (ES) model of second generation
developed by CNRM‐CERFACS for the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison …

This chapter addresses the biogeochemical cycles of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4),
and nitrous oxide (N2O). The three greenhouse gases have increased in the atmosphere …

The prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms that drive the pelagic ocean's
biogeochemical cycles are currently facing an unprecedented set of comprehensive …

In ocean waters, anaerobic microbial respiration should be confined to the anoxic waters
found in coastal regions and tropical oxygen minimum zones, where it is energetically …