Optogenetic techniques have been developed to allow control over the activity of selected
cells within a highly heterogeneous tissue, using a combination of genetic engineering and …

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) serves as the chief executive officer of the brain, controlling the
highest level cognitive and emotional processes. Its local circuits among glutamatergic …

Microglia, the main immunocompetent cells of the brain, regulate neuronal function, but their
contribution to cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation has remained elusive. Here, we identify …

The dopamine projection from ventral tegmental area (VTA) to nucleus accumbens (NAc) is
critical for motivation to work for rewards and reward-driven learning. How dopamine …

Transcriptomics has revealed that cortical inhibitory neurons exhibit a great diversity of fine
molecular subtypes,,,,–, but it is not known whether these subtypes have correspondingly …

Elucidating the prefrontal cortical microcircuit has been challenging, given its role in multiple
complex behaviors, including working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, social …

Noradrenaline released from the locus coeruleus (LC) is a ubiquitous neuromodulator,,–that
has been linked to multiple functions including arousal,,–, action and sensory gain,–, and …

Despite its great promise, neuroimaging has yet to substantially impact clinical practice and
public health. However, a develo** synergy between emerging analysis techniques and …

Cortical networks are composed of glutamatergic excitatory projection neurons and local
GABAergic inhibitory interneurons that gate signal flow and sculpt network dynamics …

The function of neural circuits and networks can be controlled, in part, by modulating the
synchrony of their components' activities. Network hypersynchrony and altered oscillatory …