Parallel evolution across replicate populations has provided evolutionary biologists with
iconic examples of adaptation. When multiple populations colonize seemingly similar …

Organisms adapted to physiochemical stressors provide ideal systems to study evolutionary
mechanisms that drive adaptation and speciation. This review study focuses on livebearing …

Urban ecosystems are rapidly expanding throughout the world, but how urban growth affects
the evolutionary ecology of species living in urban areas remains largely unknown. Urban …

Understanding the extent to which ecological divergence is repeatable is essential for
predicting responses of biodiversity to environmental change. Here we test the predictability …

Adaptation to new environments often occurs in the face of gene flow. Under these
conditions, gene flow and recombination can impede adaptation by breaking down linkage …

The question of parallel evolution—what causes it, and how common it is—has long
captured the interest of evolutionary biologists. Widespread urban development over the last …

The study of parallel ecological divergence provides important clues to the operation of
natural selection. Parallel divergence often occurs in heterogeneous environments with …

Parallelism, the evolution of similar traits in populations diversifying in similar conditions,
provides strong evidence of adaptation by natural selection. Many studies of parallelism …

Adaptation often proceeds from standing variation, and natural selection acting on pairs of
populations is a quantitative continuum ranging from parallel to divergent. Yet, it is unclear …

Species diverge eco-morphologically through the continuous action of natural selection on
functionally important structures, producing alternative adaptive morphologies. In cichlid …