Abstract Ki67 immunohistochemistry (IHC), commonly used as a proliferation marker in
breast cancer, has limited value for treatment decisions due to questionable analytical …

During the past recent years, various therapies emerged in the era of breast cancer. Breast
cancer is a heterogeneous disease in which genetic and environmental factors are involved …

Background The recurrence score based on the 21-gene breast-cancer assay has been
clinically useful in predicting a chemotherapy benefit in hormone-receptor–positive, human …

PURPOSE To update recommendations on appropriate use of breast cancer biomarker
assay results to guide adjuvant endocrine and chemotherapy decisions in early-stage breast …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of small, non-coding RNAs with the main roles of
regulating mRNA through its degradation and adjusting protein levels. In recent years …

This ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines provide updated state-of-the-art recommendations
on management of early breast cancer (diagnosis, treatment and follow-up), compiled by a …

PURPOSE To update key recommendations of the American Society of Clinical
Oncology/College of American Pathologists estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) …

Importance Breast cancer will be diagnosed in 12% of women in the United States over the
course of their lifetimes and more than 250 000 new cases of breast cancer were diagnosed …

Background The administration of endocrine therapy for 5 years substantially reduces
recurrence rates during and after treatment in women with early-stage, estrogen-receptor …

Breast cancer remains a worldwide public health dilemma and is currently the most common
tumour in the globe. Awareness of breast cancer, public attentiveness, and advancement in …