Cadmium (Cd) contamination in rice fields has been recognized as a severe global agro–
environmental issue. To reach the goal of controlling Cd risk, we must pay more attention …

Improving photosynthesis, the fundamental process by which plants convert light energy into
chemical energy, is a key area of research with great potential for enhancing sustainable …

Wheat is the second most important direct source of food calories in the world. After
considerable improvement during the Green Revolution, increase in genetic yield potential …

Unlike the short-term responses of photosynthesis to fluctuating irradiance, the long-term
response (ie, acclimation) at the chloroplast, leaf, and plant level has received less attention …

Vertical farming is considered to be a key enabler for transforming agrifood systems,
especially in or nearby urbanized areas. Vertical farming systems (VFS) are advanced …

Leaves have evolved to effectively harvest light, and, in parallel, to balance photosynthetic
CO2 assimilation with water losses. At times, leaves must operate under light limiting …

Photosynthesis started to evolve some 3.5 billion years ago CO2 is the substrate for
photosynthesis and in the past 200–250 years, atmospheric levels have approximately …

Barrier membrane, a key material for guided bone regeneration surgery, is applied between
soft and hard tissue interfaces in complex oral environment. The abilities to integrate …

Leaf optical properties can be used to identify environmental conditions, the effect of light
intensities, plant hormone levels, pigment concentrations, and cellular structures. However …

Terrestrial green plants absorb photosynthetically active radiation (PAR; 400–700 nm) but
do not absorb photons evenly across the PAR waveband. The spectral absorbance of …