Cytokines related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) provide a communication network essential
for coordinating multiple cell types into an effective host defense system against pathogens …

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an unabated risk factor
for end-stage liver diseases with no available therapies. Dysregulated immune responses …

Summary CD137 (4-1BB)-activating receptor represents a promising cancer
immunotherapeutic target. Yet, the cellular program driven by CD137 and its role in cancer …

TNF blockers are highly efficacious at dampening inflammation and reducing symptoms in
rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing …

Amino acids are fundamental units of molecular components that are essential for sustaining
life; however, their metabolism is closely interconnected to the control systems of cell …

The immune system is guided by a series of checks and balances, a major component of
which is a large array of co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory pathways that modulate the host …

Inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) are among the most successful protein-based
drugs (biologics) and have proven to be clinically efficacious at reducing inflammation …

Twenty-five years ago, we reported that agonist anti-CD137 monoclonal antibodies
eradicated transplanted mouse tumors because of enhanced CD8+ T-cell antitumor …

Although elevated activity of the tryptophan-degrading enzyme indoleamine 2, 3-
dioxygenase (IDO) has been proposed to mediate comorbid depression in inflammatory …

The immune system ensures optimum T-effector (Teff) immune responses against invading
microbes and tumor antigens while preventing inappropriate autoimmune responses …