Abstract Systems neuroscience approaches with a focus on large-scale brain organization
and network analysis are advancing foundational knowledge of how cognitive control …

Beta oscillations are linked to the control of goal-directed processing of sensory information
and the timing of motor output. Recent evidence demonstrates they are not sustained but …

Flexible behavior requires guidance not only by sensations that are available immediately
but also by relevant mental contents carried forward through working memory. Therefore …

Cognitive and behavioural flexibility permit the appropriate adjustment of thoughts and
behaviours in response to changing environmental demands. Brain mechanisms enabling …

Inhibitory control is a fundamental mechanism underlying flexible behavior and features in
theories across many areas of cognitive and psychological science. However, whereas …

Working memory is the fundamental function by which we break free from reflexive input-
output reactions to gain control over our own thoughts. It has two types of mechanisms …

Adaptive behaviour requires the ability to focus on a task and protect it from distraction
(cognitive stability) and to rapidly switch tasks when circumstances change (cognitive …

Over the past 20 years, neuroscience research on reward-based learning has converged on
a canonical model, under which the neurotransmitter dopamine 'stamps in'associations …

Over the past century, psychologists have discussed whether forgetting might arise from
active mechanisms that promote memory loss to achieve various functions, such as …

The frontal lobes are important for cognitive control, yet their functional organization remains
controversial. An influential class of theory proposes that the frontal lobes are organized …