Under the background of rapid urban development and continuous climate change, frequent
floods around the world have caused serious economic losses and social problems, which …

In spite of the chaotic nature of the atmosphere and involvement of complex nonlinear
dynamics, forecasting climate fluctuations over different timescales is feasible due to the …

Statistical Methods in the Atmospheric Sciences, Third Edition, explains the latest statistical
methods used to describe, analyze, test, and forecast atmospheric data. This revised and …

A theory for estimating the probability distribution of the state of a model given a set of
observations exists. This nonlinear filtering theory unifies the data assimilation and …

Abstract The European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Ensemble
Prediction System (EPS) is described. In addition to an unperturbed (control) forecast, each …

This new edition of a well-established textbook covers the environmental and engineering
aspects of the management of rainwater and wastewater in areas of human development …

A stochastic representation of random error associated with parametrized physical
processes ('stochastic physics') is described, and its impact in the European Centre for …

Abstract Knowledge of the probability distribution of initial conditions is central to almost all
practical studies of predictability and to improvements in stochastic prediction of the …

Over the last two centuries, the impact of the Human System has grown dramatically,
becoming strongly dominant within the Earth System in many different ways. Consumption …

The breeding method has been used to generate perturbations for ensemble forecasting at
the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (formerly known as the National …