Among its many impacts, climate warming is leading to increasing winter air temperatures,
decreasing ice cover extent, and changing winter precipitation patterns over the Laurentian …

Significant wave height (SWH) is a vital parameter in marine science research and
engineering application. The up-to-date reanalysis product ERA5 SWH brings new …

Detailed knowledge of wave climate change is essential for understanding coastal
geomorphological processes, ecosystem resilience, the design of offshore and coastal …

While changing lake surface conditions have received significant research scrutiny, changes
in subsurface conditions, including stratification and heat content, remain largely …

Offshore wind energy offers a significant opportunity for renewable energy development in
the Great Lakes. However, progress has been hampered by a range of challenges. This …

Real‐time forecasted ice information for large lakes, such as the Great Lakes, is critical for
essential operations, such as ice breaking, commercial navigation, search and rescue, and …

We develop a single-class ice and snow model embedded inside a 3D hydrodynamic model
on unstructured grids and apply it to lake studies using highly variable mesh resolution. The …

Coastal ocean flows are interconnected by a complex suite of processes. Examples are inlet
jets, river mouth effluents, ocean currents, surface gravity waves, internal waves, wave …

The world's largest lakes, including the Laurentian Great Lakes, have experienced
significant surface warming and loss of ice cover over the last several decades. Although …

The wind-driven nature of large lakes suggests that the accuracy of meteorological inputs is
essential for hydrodynamic modelling. Moreover, coupling between the meteorological …