Social complexity has been one of the recent emerging topics in the study of animal and
human societies, but the concept remains both poorly defined and understood. In this paper …

Across the animal kingdom, we see remarkable variation in brain size. This variation has
even increased over evolutionary time. Traditionally, studies aiming to explain brain size …

Same-sex sexual behaviour has attracted the attention of many scientists working in
disparate areas, from sociology and psychology to behavioural and evolutionary biology …

Parental care is extremely diverse across species, ranging from simple behaviours to
complex adaptations, varying in duration and in which sex cares. Surprisingly, we know little …

Simple Summary Reptiles are popular pets around the world, although their welfare
requirements in captivity are not always met, due in part to an apparent lack of awareness of …

Covering diverse species from garter snakes to Komodo dragons, this book delves into the
evolutionary origins and fascinating details of the mysterious social lives of reptiles. Reptiles …

Cooperation is a pivotal biological phenomenon that occurs in diverse forms. In species that
engage in hel**, individuals vary in the time they spend together and the degree of their …

Parental care is extremely diverse but, despite much research, why parental care evolves is
poorly understood. Here we address this outstanding question using egg attendance, the …

The adult sex ratio (ASR, the proportion of males in the adult population) is an emerging
predictor of reproductive behaviour, and recent studies in birds and humans suggest it is a …

The evolution of sociality and traits that correlate with, or predict, sociality, have been the
focus of considerable recent study. In order to reduce the social conflict that ultimately comes …