The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and
necessitated the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric …

Traditional cancer therapeutics, such as chemotherapies, are often limited by their non-
specific nature, causing harm to non-malignant tissues. Over the past several decades …

Tumor immunotherapy is only effective in a fraction of patients due to a low response rate
and severe side effects, and these challenges of immunotherapy in clinics can be addressed …

Cancer immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen
receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, have transformed clinical oncology. However, limited patient …

Due to the intrinsic non-invasive nature, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and real-time
capabilities, besides diagnostic imaging, ultrasound as a typical mechanical wave has been …

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been extensively investigated for decades for tumor
treatment because of its non-invasiveness, spatiotemporal selectivity, lower side-effects, and …

Insufficient tumor accumulation and distribution of photosensitizers as well as low antitumor
immunity severely restrict the therapeutic efficacy of photothermal therapy (PTT). Cancer …

Synthetic nanoparticles with surface bioconjugation are promising platforms for targeted
therapy, but their simple biological functionalization is still a challenging task against the …

Nanotechnology has provided great opportunities for managing neoplastic conditions at
various levels, from preventive and diagnostic to therapeutic fields. However, when it comes …

Exosomes are a subset of tiny extracellular vesicles manufactured by all cells and are
present in all body fluids. They are produced actively in tumor cells, which are released and …