This review describes mean and turbulent flow and mass transport in the presence of
aquatic vegetation. Within emergent canopies, the turbulent length scales are set by the …

The shallow subtidal rocky habitats in most temperate coastal areas are conspicuously
dominated by large brown algae in the orders Laminariales and Fucales. These algae are …

Cultivation of kelp has been well established throughout Asia, and there is now growing
interest in the cultivation of macroalgae in Europe to meet future resource needs. If this …

Water motion is a key determinant of marine macroalgal production, influencing directly or
indirectly physiological rates and community structure. Our understanding of how marine …

The largest seaweed, giant kelp (Macrocystis) is the fastest growing and most prolific of all
plants found on earth. Growing from the seafloor and extending along the ocean surface in …

Flow dynamics in Zostera marina L.(eelgrass) were studied in a large seawater flume.
Velocity and turbulence intensity profiles were measured at 3 free-stream flow velocities (5 …

The giant kelp Macrocystis is the world's largest benthic organism and most widely
distributed kelp taxon, serving as the foundation for diverse and energy-rich habitats that are …

The changing global climate is having profound effects on coastal marine ecosystems
around the world. Structure, functioning, and resilience, however, can vary geographically …

Foundation species define the ecosystems they live in, but ecologists have often
characterized dominant plants as foundational without supporting evidence. Giant kelp has …

Mangroves are a special form of vegetation as they exist at the boundary of terrestrial and
marine environment. They have a special role in supporting fisheries and in the stabilizing …