The diagnosis and treatment of male infertility, excluding assisted conception, are limited
because of, but not limited to, poor understanding of sperm post‐testicular development and …

Infertility is a major global health issue and male factors account for half of all infertility
cases. One of the causes of male infertility is the loss of spermatogonial stem cells, which …

Throughout embryonic and early postnatal development, the mammalian epididymis
changes from a straight tube to a highly coiled, complex duct that links the efferent ducts to …

The functional maturation of spermatozoa that is necessary to achieve fertilization occurs as
these cells transit through the epididymis, a highly specialized region of the male …

Interactions between sperm and the female reproductive tract (FRT) are critical to
reproductive success and yet are poorly understood. Because sperm complete their …

Fertility plays a key role in the success of calf production, but there is evidence that
reproductive efficiency in beef cattle has decreased during the past half-century worldwide …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanovesicles released by most functional cells
to body fluids, containing bioactive molecules, mainly proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids …

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of cellular proteins that are induced during stress
conditions such as heat stress, cold shock, UV irradiation and even pathogenic insult. They …

Ongoing anthropogenic climate change has increased attention on the ecological and
evolutionary consequences of thermal variation. Most research in this field has focused on …

Physiologically, autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved and self-degradative process in
cells. Autophagy carries out normal physiological roles throughout mammalian life …