Beyond its use in a clinical environment, photoplethysmogram (PPG) is increasingly used for
measuring the physiological state of an individual in daily life. This review aims to examine …

The quest to open black box artificial intelligence (AI) systems evolved into an emerging
phenomenon of global interest for academia, business, and society and brought about the …

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming fundamental in almost all activity sectors in our society.
However, most of the modern AI techniques (eg, Machine Learning–ML) have a black box …

The deployment of automated deep-learning classifiers in clinical practice has the potential
to streamline the diagnosis process and improve the diagnosis accuracy, but the acceptance …

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of heart and blood vessel disorders that is one
of the most serious dangers to human health, and the number of such patients is still …

A brain tumor is a mass of cells growing abnormally in the brain. The lesions formed in the
suprasellar region of the brain, called suprasellar lesions, affect common anatomical …

Multi-label learning is a rapidly growing research area that aims to predict multiple labels
from a single input data point. In the era of big data, tasks involving multi-label classification …

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) elucidates the decision-making process of complex AI
models and is important in building trust in model predictions. XAI explanations themselves …

Artificial intelligence technologies such as machine learning and deep learning employ
techniques to anticipate results more effectively without human involvement. Since AI …

Heart disease is one of the leading causes of mortality throughout the world. Among the
different heart diagnosis techniques, an electrocardiogram (ECG) is the least expensive non …