Simple Summary A brief description of the methodologies to simulate ionizing radiation
transport in biologically relevant matter is presented. Emphasis is given to the physical …

Emerging radiotherapy treatments including targeted particle therapy, hadron therapy or
radiosensitisation of cells by high-Z nanoparticles demand the theoretical determination of …

G eant 4 is a software toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter. It is
used by a large number of experiments and projects in a variety of application domains …

The TOPAS Monte Carlo (MC) system is used in radiation therapy and medical imaging
research, having played a significant role in making Monte Carlo simulations widely …

In order to improve the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the generation of early
DNA damage, a new calculation chain based on the Geant4-DNA toolkit was developed …

Ionising radiation induced DNA damage and subsequent biological responses to it depend
on the radiation's track-structure and its energy loss distribution pattern. To investigate the …

Ionizing radiation is a common tool in medical procedures. Monte Carlo (MC) techniques are
widely used when dosimetry is the matter of investigation. The scientific community has …

Purpose The scientific community shows great interest in the study of DNA damage
induction, DNA damage repair, and the biological effects on cells and cellular systems after …

Mechanistic modelling of DNA damage in Monte Carlo simulations is highly sensitive to the
parameters that define DNA damage. In this work, we use a simple testing geometry to …

Context Under irradiation, a biological system undergoes a cascade of chemical reactions
that can lead to an alteration of its normal operation. There are different types of radiation …