NRLMSIS® 2.0 is an empirical atmospheric model that extends from the ground to the
exobase and describes the average observed behavior of temperature, eight species …

This article begins with a review of important advances in the chemistry and related physics
of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region of the atmosphere that have …

While knowledge of the energy inputs from the Sun (as it is the primary energy source) is
important for understanding the solar-terrestrial system, of equal importance is the manner in …

We report the first simultaneous lidar observations of thermosphere‐ionosphere sporadic
nickel and Na (TISNi and TISNa) layers in altitudes∼ 105–120 km over Yanqing (40.42° N …

Monitoring and predicting space weather activity is increasingly important given society's
growing reliance on space-based infrastructure but is hampered by a lack of observational …

Abstract The NCAR Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model, with a quasi‐uniform
horizontal resolution of∼ 25 km and a vertical resolution of 0.1 scale height, produces large …

This work presents new results about simulations of blanketing sporadic E-layers, Es b,
using a modified version of a theoretical model for the E region (MIRE) for a Brazilian region …

With a thermosphere‐ionosphere Fe/Fe+ (TIFe) model developed from first principles at the
University of Colorado, we present the first quantitative investigation of formation …

We report the first simultaneous, common‐volume lidar observations of thermosphere‐
ionosphere Fe (TIFe) and Na (TINa) layers in Antarctica. We also report the observational …

We report the first lidar observations of regular occurrence of mid‐latitude thermosphere‐
ionosphere Na (TINa) layers over Boulder (40.13° N, 105.24° W), Colorado. Detection of …