Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the dominant challenge in the failure of chemotherapy in
cancers. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) is a lipid kinase that spreads intracellular …

More than a hundred genes have been identified that, when disrupted, impart large risk for
autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Current knowledge about the encoded proteins—although …

During mammalian development, differences in chromatin state coincide with cellular
differentiation and reflect changes in the gene regulatory landscape. In the develo** brain …

Biological computing (or biocomputing) offers potential advantages over silicon-based
computing in terms of faster decision-making, continuous learning during tasks, and greater …

Realizing the full utility of brain organoids to study human development requires
understanding whether organoids precisely replicate endogenous cellular and molecular …

Human stem-cell-derived models provide the promise of accelerating our understanding of
brain disorders, but not knowing whether they possess the ability to mature beyond mid-to …

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived organoids provide models to study human
organ development. Single-cell transcriptomics enable highly resolved descriptions of cell …

Self-organizing neural organoids grown from pluripotent stem cells,–combined with single-
cell genomic technologies provide opportunities to examine gene regulatory networks …

Cortical organoids are self-organizing three-dimensional cultures that model features of the
develo** human cerebral cortex,. However, the fidelity of organoid models remains …

Brain development is an extraordinarily complex process achieved through the spatially and
temporally regulated release of key patterning factors. In vitro neurodevelopmental models …