Main conclusion This article provides an up-to-date review concerning from basic issues of
polyploidy to aspects regarding the relevance and role of both natural and artificial …

Most land plants are now known to be ancient polyploids that have rediploidized.
Diploidization involves many changes in genome organization that ultimately restore …

Background Polyploidy or whole-genome duplication is now recognized as being present in
almost all lineages of higher plants, with multiple rounds of polyploidy occurring in most …

Background Polyploidy is ubiquitous in eukaryotic plant and fungal lineages, and it leads to
the co-existence of several copies of similar or related genomes in one nucleus. In plants …

Hybridization brings together chromosome sets from two or more distinct progenitor species.
Genome duplication associated with hybridization, or allopolyploidy, allows these …

Plant speciation and diversification strongly rely on structural changes in the nuclear
genome, both at the whole ploidy and individual chromosome level. Phylogenetic …

RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is an epigenetic process in plants that involves both
short and long noncoding RNAs. The generation of these RNAs and the induction of RdDM …

Unreduced gametes (gametes with the somatic chromosome number) are known to facilitate
polyploid formation. Unreduced gametes result from a plethora of different mechanisms …

Background Throughout the past century, hybridization and polyploidization have variously
been viewed as drivers of biodiversity (eg Arnold, 1997) or evolutionary noise, unimportant …

Polypoid species play significant roles in agriculture and food production. Many crop
species are polyploid, such as potato, wheat, strawberry, and sugarcane. Genoty** has …