Already a well-established treatment for different autonomic and movement disorders, the
use of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) in pain conditions is now continuously expanding …

Botulinum toxin (BoNT) has been used as a treatment for excessive muscle stiffness,
spasticity, and dystonia. BoNT for approximately 40 years, and has recently been used to …

This study assessed the safety and efficacy of three different doses of BoNT-A for persistent
myofascial pain (MFP). One hundred female subjects were randomly assigned into five …

This review evaluates the existing level of evidence for efficacy of BoNTs in different pain
syndromes using the recommended efficacy criteria from the Assessment and Therapeutic …

Objective. To assess the benefits of subcutaneous injection of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) for
the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Design. We investigated the therapeutic …

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), derived from Clostridium botulinum, has been used
therapeutically for focal dystonia, spasticity, and chronic migraine. Its spectrum as a potential …

The antinociceptive effect of BoNT-A have been well documented in animal studies;
however, results of few but well-designed randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials …

Abstract Botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) is approved for treatment of different cholinergic
hyperactivity disorders, and, recently, migraine headache. Although suggested to act only …

Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) is one of the most potent toxins known and a potential
biological threat. At the same time, it is among the most widely used therapeutic proteins …

Objective. Arthritis of the knee affects 46 million Americans. We aimed to determine the level
of evidence of intraarticular knee injections in the management of arthritic knee pain …