The inflammatory and immunological responses play a significant role after stroke. The
innate immune activation stimulated by microglia during stroke results in the migration of …

Toll signaling plays a crucial role in pathogen defense throughout the animal kingdom. It
was discovered, however, for its function in dorsoventral (DV) axis formation in Drosophila …

In insects, a complex and effective immune system that can be rapidly activated by a
plethora of stimuli has evolved. Although the main cellular and humoral mechanisms and …

The blastoderm is a broadly conserved stage of early animal development, wherein cells
form a layer at the embryo's periphery. The cellular behaviors underlying blastoderm …

Background Most of the known genes required for developmental processes have been
identified by genetic screens in a few well-studied model organisms, which have been …

Bilateria encompass the vast majority of the animal phyla. As the name states, they are
bilaterally symmetric, that is with a morphologically clear main body axis connecting their …

Highlights•Transcriptomic datasets, genome assemblies, and gene annotations have
recently been published for different orthopteran species.•Functional genomics studies …

Developmental system drift (DSD) occurs when the genetic basis for homologous traits
diverges over time despite conservation of the phenotype. In this Review, we examine the …

Current sequencing technology allows for the relatively affordable generation of highly
contiguous genomes. Technological advances have made it possible for researchers to …

During animal embryogenesis, one of the earliest specification events distinguishes
extraembryonic (EE) from embryonic tissue fates: the serosa in the case of the insects. While …