Artificial spin ices consist of nanomagnets arranged on the sites of various periodic and
aperiodic lattices. They have enabled the experimental investigation of a variety of …

Frustration, the presence of competing interactions, is ubiquitous in the physical sciences
and is a source of degeneracy and disorder, which in turn gives rise to new and interesting …

Artificial spin ice is a class of lithographically created arrays of interacting ferromagnetic
nanometre-scale islands. It was introduced to investigate many-body phenomena related to …

Artificial spin ice comprises a class of frustrated arrays of interacting single-domain
ferromagnetic nanostructures. Previous studies of artificial spin ice have focused on simple …

Geometrical frustration in magnetic materials often gives rise to exotic, low-temperature
states of matter, such as the ones observed in spin ices. Here we report the imaging of the …

Two-dimensional arrays of interacting magnetic nanostructures offer a remarkable
playground for simulating, experimentally, lattice spin models. Initially designed to capture …

Artificial frustrated systems offer a playground to study the emergent properties of interacting
systems. Most work to date has been on spatially periodic systems, known as artificial spin …

Critical behavior is very common in many fields of science and a wide variety of many-body
systems exhibit emergent critical phenomena. The beauty of critical phase transitions lies in …

Although initially introduced to mimic the spin-ice pyrochlores, no artificial spin ice has yet
exhibited the expected degenerate ice phase with critical correlations similar to the …

We present a direct experimental investigation of the thermal ordering in an artificial
analogue of an asymmetric two-dimensional Ising system composed of a rectangular array …