In situ, cells are highly sensitive to geometrical and mechanical constraints from their
microenvironment. These parameters are, however, uncontrolled under classic culture …

The chemistry and topography of a surface affect biological response and are of
fundamental importance, especially when living systems encounter synthetic surfaces. Most …

Complex cellular patterns and structures were created by automated and direct inkjet
printing of primary embryonic hippocampal and cortical neurons. Immunostaining analysis …

▪ Abstract Tissue function is modulated by an intricate architecture of cells and biomolecules
on a micrometer scale. Until now, in vitro cellular interactions were mainly studied by …

While in vitro cell based systems have been an invaluable tool in biology, they often suffer
from a lack of physiological relevance. The discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo …

Biosensors incorporate a biological sensing element that converts a change in an
immediate environment to signals conducive for processing. Biosensors have been …

The polarized nature of neurons and the size and density of synapses complicates the
manipulation and visualization of cell biological processes that control synaptic function …

The mammalian central nervous system (CNS) has little capacity for self-repair after injury,
and neurons are not capable of proliferating. Therefore, neural tissue engineering that …

Cardiac muscle fibers consist of highly aligned cardiomyocytes containing myofibrils
oriented parallel to the fiber axis, and successive cardiomyocytes are interconnected at their …

Extracellular matrix molecules provide biochemical and topographical cues that influence
cell growth in vivo and in vitro. Effects of topographical cues on hippocampal neuron growth …