Highlights•The different methods to utilise and recycle of bulk bauxite residue are reviewed.•
Demonstrated the red mud compositions and its disposal and environmental impact.•The …

Red mud is highly alkaline slurry produced during alumina extraction from bauxite. Its
disposal generates serious environmental pollution. The best way to solve red mud disposal …

Upon post-publication investigation, it was found that this paper and another published in
Construction and Building Materials (https://doi. org/10.1016/j. conbuildmat. 2022.128892) …

Upon post-publication investigation, it was found that this paper and another published in
Case Studies of Construction Materials (https://doi. org/10.1016/j. cscm. 2022. e00994) …

Sustainable utilization of the bauxite residue (red mud) generated from the alumina refining
has recently increased due to increased environmental concerns because of its high …

The production of ordinary Portland cement releases many greenhouse gases, which have
led to adverse environmental changes such as global warming and climate change. These …

Red mud (RM) is a kind of industrial solid waste that is difficult to utilize, but it contains much
alkali and has the ability of adsorbing some heavy metal ions. Due to these characteristics …

Red mud is generated at a rate of up to 175.5 million tons per year. The global stockpile of
red mud is near 4 billion tons. This material is hazardous with pH values from 11 to 13 …

Aluminum demand has increased with modernization of our society. As the primary source
of aluminum is bauxite ore, this has resulted in more accumulation of bauxite residue. A …

Pollution is a major threat to the sustainability of the ecosystem. The rapid increase in
environmental pollution is a current problem of great concern, affecting the livelihood of land …