Water contamination is a growing environmental issue. Several harmful effects on human
health and the environment are attributed to nitrogen contamination of water sources …

Ammonia nitrogen in water negatively impacts aquatic life. Nitrifying bacteria are slow-
growing and sensitive microorganisms, and technology using biofilm is an attractive option …

Ammonia is a deleterious pollutant present in municipal wastewater that can be hazardous if
released into the environment. There is a need for the development of novel processes to …

Granular sludge is an efficient and compact biofilm process for wastewater treatment.
Despite the well-established methods for granule cultivation, the ecological processes …