There are 9 million cases of active tuberculosis reported annually; however, an estimated
one-third of the world's population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and remains …

The granuloma, which is a compact aggregate of immune cells, is the hallmark structure of
tuberculosis. It is historically regarded as a host-protective structure that'walls off'the infecting …

A past history of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a risk factor for long-term respiratory
impairment. Post-TB lung dysfunction often goes unrecognised, despite its relatively high …

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious global public health challenge that results in significant
morbidity and mortality worldwide. TB is caused by infection with the bacilli Mycobacterium …

Research on matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and in particular on gelatinase B, alias MMP-
9, has grown exponentially in the decade 2003–2012. Structural details about flexibility of …

Macrophages and neutrophils play important roles during the innate immune response,
phagocytosing invading microbes and delivering antimicrobial compounds to the site of …

Co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the leading cause of death in individuals
infected with HIV-1. It has long been known that HIV-1 infection alters the course of M …

Tuberculosis, an ancient disease of mankind, remains one of the major infectious causes of
human death. We examine newly discovered facets of tuberculosis pathogenesis and …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis uses sophisticated secretion systems, named 6 kDa early
secretory antigenic target (ESAT6) protein family secretion (ESX) systems (also known as …

The liver has vital metabolic and clearance functions that involve the uptake of nutrients,
waste products and pathogens from the blood. In addition, its unique immunoregulatory …