The worldwide economic development, population expansion, and technological
advancements contribute to a rise in global primary energy consumption. Since fossil fuels …

The proper handling of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is critical due to its high generation
rate and the potential to minimise environmental impacts by simultaneously reducing …

Abstract The USA, China and India are the top three producers of municipal solid waste. The
composition of solid wastes varies with income: low-to-middle-income population generates …

The concept of biorefinery depends on the recuperation of higher-value chemicals with
potential for a wide dissemination and an untapped marketability. To construct a clearer …

Electrochemical conversion is emerging as a powerful and promising method to produce a
wide range of high-value chemicals on account of mild operation conditions, controllable …

Global issues such as environmental problems and food security are currently of concern to
all of us. Circular bioeconomy is a promising approach towards resolving these global …

Rapid increment in fossil-derived single-use plastic disposal has led to human-made plastic
mountains and leading to ecological imbalance. Therefore, the development of alternative …

Lignocellulosic biomass is an effective and sustainable alternative for petroleum-derived
fuels and chemicals to produce biofuels and bio-based products. Despite the high …

hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and furfural (FUR) have been recognized as valuable
biomass-derived platform chemicals and bridge between biomass raw materials and the …

Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant and sustainable feedstock available globally.
As a source of the polysaccharides, cellulose and hemicellulose, it can be converted into …