Vaccination has been shown to be the most effective means of preventing infectious
diseases, although older people commonly have a suboptimal immune response to …

Trained immunity has emerged as a new concept in immunology associated with the
memory of innate immune cells and linked to specific metabolic and epigenetic …

Immune cells need to sustain a state of constant alertness over a lifetime. Yet, little is known
about the regulatory processes that control the fluent and fragile balance that is called …

Abstract The Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine is a well-established inducer of innate
immune memory (also termed trained immunity), causing increased cytokine production …

Trained immunity is a long-lasting change in the responsiveness of innate immune cells,
leading to a stronger response upon an unrelated secondary challenge. Epigenetic …

While the efficacy of many current vaccines is well-established, various factors can diminish
their effectiveness, particularly in vulnerable groups. Amidst emerging pandemic threats …

Some individuals, even when heavily exposed to an infectious tuberculosis patient, do not
develop a specific T-cell response as measured by interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) …

By binding to multiple antigens simultaneously, multispecific antibodies are expected to
substantially improve both the activity and long-term efficacy of antibody-based …

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), remains a
global health burden, claiming millions of lives annually. Despite the availability of a vaccine …

With the increase in the elderly population worldwide, the number of subjects suffering from
tuberculosis (TB) has shown an increased prevalence in this group. Immunosenescence is …