Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are ultra-small silver particles with a size from 1 to 100
nanometers. Unlike bulk silver, they have unique physical and chemical properties …

This review explores our understanding of Cryptosporidium species and Giardia duodenalis
distribution in Middle East and North African (MENA) water resources. Results emphasize …

Enteropathies are a serious concern in racing pigeons as they significantly impair
performance in races and their training, and viruses are suspected to be one of the main …

Three Ag nanoparticle (NP) colloids are produced from borohydride reduction of silver
nitrate in water by varying the amount of sodium citrate. These nanoparticles are used as …

Domestic pigeons are a significant protein source in Egypt, and are also used for racing,
ornamentation, and exhibition. They are susceptible to various intestinal parasites, resulting …

Antibiotic-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus are being viewed as a serious threat by
various public health agencies. Identifying novel targets in this important pathogen is crucial …

Cryptosporidium parvum (C. parvum) is one of the most prevalent species infecting humans
and animals. Currently, the only FDA-licensed drug to treat cryptosporidiosis is nitazoxanide …

Accurate gender identification is crucial for the study of bird reproduction and evolution. The
current study aimed to explore and evaluate the effectiveness of a noninvasive method for …

The extraction of DNA from Cryptosporidium oocysts is challenging due to the robust oocyst
wall. Nanoparticles have been applied to disinfect Cryptosporidium oocysts; here, we …

Cryptosporidium is a leading cause of diarrhea in children and immunocompromised
patients. Various animals and birds can also be infected with this protist, and …