Intravenous fluid therapy is one of the most common interventions in acutely ill patients.
Each day, over 20% of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) receive intravenous fluid …

Gelatin is a widely used synthetic colloid resuscitation fluid. We undertook a systematic
review and meta-analysis of adverse effects in randomized and nonrandomized studies …

Objective: To assess shock reversal and required fluid volumes in patients with septic shock.
Design: Prospective before and after study comparing three different treatment periods …

BACKGROUND: Hydroxyethyl starches (HES) are widely used for intravascular volume
therapy in surgical, emergency, and intensive care patients. There are safety concerns with …

Despite evidence from clinical studies and meta-analyses that resuscitation with colloids or
crystalloids is equally effective in critically ill patients, and despite reports from high-quality …

Objective: The histopathologic changes associated with septic acute kidney injury are poorly
understood, in part, because of the lack of biopsy data in humans. Animal models of septic …

Objectives: Hydroxyethyl starch 200 is associated with renal impairment in sepsis, but
hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 and gelatin are considered to be less harmful. We hypothesized …

Objectives: To determine clinical outcomes of synthetic colloids, tetrastarch, and gelatin,
used before and after cardiac surgery. Design: Prospective observational cohort study …

Background Enteric glial cells (EGCs) are the main constituent of the enteric nervous system
and share similarities with astrocytes from the central nervous system including their …

Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) was reported to be one of the initiators of chronic
kidney disease (CKD) development. Necroinflammation may contribute to the progression …