Magma fragmentation is the breakup of a continuous volume of molten rock into discrete
pieces, called pyroclasts. Because magma contains bubbles of compressible magmatic …

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is an analytical technique utilized to measure
the concentrations of H and C species in volcanic glasses. Water and CO 2 are the most …

Most volcanoes erupt both effusively and explosively, with explosive behaviour being
responsible for most human fatalities. Eruption style is thought to be strongly controlled by …

Pore connectivity is a measure of the fraction of pore space (vesicles, voids or cracks) in a
material that is interconnected on the system length scale. Pore connectivity is …

Volcanic eruptions are common, with more than 50 volcanic eruptions in the United States
alone in the past 31 years. These eruptions can have devastating economic and social …

In June 2011, an eruption of rhyolite magma began at the Puyehue–Cordón Caulle volcanic
complex, southern Chile. By January 2012, explosive activity had declined from sustained …

A long-standing challenge in volcanology is to explain why explosive eruptions of silicic
magma give way to lava. A widely cited idea is that the explosive-to-effusive transition …

Silicic volcanic activity has long been framed as either violently explosive or gently effusive.
However, recent observations demonstrate that explosive and effusive behavior can occur …

Silicic lavas can be produced by the sintering of pyroclasts in the volcanic sub-surface, and
then advected out of the vent. Here, we provide evidence for this mechanism preserved in …

The extrusion rate of a lava dome is a critical parameter for monitoring silicic eruptions and
forecasting their development. Satellite radar backscatter can provide unique information …