Free-electron lasers produce extremely brief, coherent, and bright laser-like photon pulses
that allow to image matter at atomic resolution and at timescales faster than the …

This review is focused on free-electron lasers (FELs) in the hard to soft x-ray regime. The
aim is to provide newcomers to the area with insights into: the basic physics of FELs, the …

Fourth generation accelerator-based light sources, such as VUV and X-ray Free Electron
Lasers (FEL), deliver ultra-brilliant (∼ 1012–1013 photons per bunch) coherent radiation in …

During the past decade, the Ratip program has been developed to calculate the electronic
structure and properties of atoms and ions. This code, which is now organized as a suite of …

Electronic structure computations of atoms and ions have a long tradition in physics with
applications in basic research, spectroscopy, life sciences and technology. Various …

Free-electron lasers are fourth-generation light sources that deliver extremely intense (>
1012 photons per pulse), ultrashort (∼ 10− 14 s= 10 fs) light pulses at up to kilohertz …

Over the last 20 years, XUV and X-ray free-electron lasers have enabled a wide variety of
time-resolved experiments that have dramatically advanced our understanding of ultrafast …

Abstract Short wavelength Free-Electron Lasers (FELs) are among the newest light sources
available to scientists to probe a wide range of phenomena, with chemical, physical and …

Recent developments in extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and x-ray radiation sources have pushed
pulse energies and durations to unprecedented levels that opened up the era of non-linear …

When exposed to ultraintense x-radiation sources such as free electron lasers (FELs) the
innermost electronic shell can efficiently be emptied, creating a transient hollow atom or …