The discovery of racemic (R, S)-ketamine as a rapid-acting antidepressant and the
subsequent FDA approval of its (S)-enantiomer, esketamine, for treatment-resistant …

Racemic ketamine is a 1: 1 mixture of 2 enantiomers that turn light in opposite direction:
Dextrorotatory esketamine is approximately 4 times more affine for the N-methyl-D-aspartate …

Background Intravenous (IV) ketamine has emerged as a rapid and effective treatment for
TRD. However, the specific neural mechanisms of ketamine's effects in humans remains …

Subanesthetic doses of ketamine induce an antidepressant effect within hours in individuals
with treatment-resistant depression while it furthermore induces immediate but transient …

Background Ketamine, originally synthesized as an anesthetic, has become a compound of
significant interest due to its diverse clinical applications, complex pharmacology, and …