Abstract The Hindu Kush–Karakoram–Himalayan system, named the Third Pole because it
is the largest global store of frozen water after the polar regions, provides a reliable water …

**njiang, China, is a representative arid region in Central Asia that is characterized by a
unique mountain–basin structure and fragile mountain–oasis–desert ecosystems. Climate …

The evaporative loss from global lakes (natural and artificial) is a critical component of the
terrestrial water and energy balance. However, the evaporation volume of these water …

Abstract Lakes on the Tibetan Plateau are expanding rapidly in response to climate change.
The potential impact on the local environment if lake expansion continues remains …

Abstract The 2017–2027 National Academies' Decadal Survey, Thriving on Our Changing
Planet, recommended Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) as a “Designated Targeted …

Carbon dioxide (CO2) evasion from inland waters is an important component of the global
carbon cycle. However, it remains unknown how global change affects CO2 emissions over …

Abstract The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is also known as the “Third Pole”. Elevation dependent
warming (EDW), the phenomenon that warming rate changes systematically with elevation …

Understanding the impacts of climate change and vegetation restoration on ecosystem
services is essential for sustainable ecosystem management. However, the characteristics of …

Understanding the response of Himalayan glaciers to global warming is vital because of
their role as a water source for the Asian subcontinent. However, great uncertainties still …

Abstract Permafrost on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) undergoes significant thawing and
degradation, which affects the hydrological processes, ecosystems and infrastructure …