Abstract Critical Infrastructures (CIs) use Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)
systems for monitoring and remote control. Sensor networks are being integrated into all …

The cyber-physical system (CPS) plays a crucial role in supporting critical infrastructure like
water treatment facilities, gas stations, air conditioning components, and smart grids, which …

In recent decades, cardiovascular heart disease (CHD) has emerged as the predominant
cause of mortality on a global scale. Numerous risk factors for cardiovascular disease …

The rapid increase of fraud attacks on banking systems, financial institutions, and even
credit card holders demonstrate the high demand for enhanced fraud detection (FD) systems …

From the various perspectives of machine learning (ML) and the multiple models used in this
discipline, there is an approach aimed at training models for the early detection (ED) of …

This research introduces innovative approaches to enhance intrusion detection systems
(IDSs) by addressing critical challenges in existing methods. Various machine-learning …

The Internet of Things (IoT) represents a paradigm shift in which the Internet is connected to
real objects in a range of areas, including home automation, industrial processes, human …

Federated Learning (FL) is a data-minimization approach enabling collaborative model
training across diverse clients with local data, avoiding direct data exchange. However, state …

In today's world, financial institutions (FIs) play a pivotal role in any country's economic
growth and are vital for intermediation between the providers of investable funds, such as …

Background: The modern credit card system is critical, but it has not been fully examined to
meet the unique financial needs of a constantly changing number of manufacturers and …